📜 This Day in History

July 7

• 1456Joan of Arc was declared innocent of heresy in a retrial twenty-five years after her death.
• 1798Outraged by the XYZ Affair, the United States rescinded its treaties with France, resulting in the undeclared Quasi-War, fought entirely at sea.
• 1898US president William McKinley signed the Newlands Resolution, annexing Hawaii as a territory of the United States.
• 1937The Peel Commission published a report stating that the League of Nations' Mandate for Palestine had become unworkable and recommended the partition of British-administered Mandatory Palestine into two states.
• 1974West Germany won the FIFA World Cup final against the Netherlands at the Munich Olympiastadion.
• 2016A U.S. Army Reserve veteran ambushed and shot at police officers in Dallas, killing five of them and injuring nine others, before being killed by a bomb attached to a police robot.

Born on this day

• 1860Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer and conductor (died 1911)
• 1882Yanka Kupala, Belarusian poet and writer (died 1941)
• 1907Robert A. Heinlein, American science fiction writer and screenwriter (died 1988)
• 1940Ringo Starr, English singer-songwriter, drummer, and actor