📜 This Day in History

November 3

• 1534The Parliament of England passed the first Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the Church of England, supplanting the pope and the Catholic Church.
• 1812French invasion of Russia: As Napoleon's Grande Armée began its retreat, its rear guard was defeated at the Battle of Vyazma.
• 1898The Fashoda Incident ended with French forces withdrawing after several months of military stalemate with the British in Fashoda (now in South Sudan).
• 1943The Holocaust: The largest massacre of Jews by German forces began at Majdanek concentration camp.
• 1957The Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, carrying the space dog Laika as the first living creature to enter orbit around Earth.
• 2002A CIA drone strike kills six militants in Yemen, constituting the first targeted killing of the war on terror.

Born on this day

• 1618Aurangzeb, Mughal emperor of India (died 1707)
• 1852Emperor Meiji of Japan (died 1912)
• 1901André Malraux, French historian, theorist, and author (died 1976)
• 1933Amartya Sen, Indian economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate